Zia Karim

Ideas III

Adaptive AI Architecture

How can an AI system adapt without exceeding its authority?

The hypothesis

A research approach that treats the design of an AI system as a hypothesis to test and revise. It examines how the system adapts to its work while remaining within explicit limits on what it may do.

Why the model isn’t the question

A capable model doesn’t settle which decisions it may take. Someone must decide what counts as evidence and who answers for the result.

As the work changes, the design may need to change too. A system that fits one task may be unsuitable for another.

What has to be designed

The system around a model determines whether an institution can rely on it.

An institution needs to be able to inspect, challenge and withdraw delegated authority. Research must test whether the whole system supports those decisions, rather than measuring the model alone.

For executivesBefore delegating a decision to an AI system, a board should be able to say what counts as evidence, who can overrule it and how the authority is withdrawn.

A lending decision

Delegating an assessment changes the design of the institution.

Consider a bank using AI to assess a proposed lending-policy change. The quality of the recommendation depends on more than the model: what counts as evidence, how conflicting interpretations are handled, where human judgement sits and which authority can approve a change.

Evaluate alternative architectures against the same institutional decision and explicit acceptance criteria. The question is whether the whole arrangement supports reliable judgement at an acceptable cost, with authority and accountability preserved.

Evidence to date

21A2 is a specified research framework. The Threadneedle Labs evidence register of 3 October 2026 reports no completed architecture comparison and no built optimiser or runtime. The argument and proposed evaluation method should be read as research, with empirical results still to establish.

Follow the argument

  • Book

    Beyond the Model

    The New Architecture of Artificial Intelligence

    Zia Karim and Faris Karim

    Clarkehouse Press

Related work

Threadneedle Labs

Applied AI research, including 21A2, a proposed framework for testing and adapting AI architectures.

Cite this idea

Zia Karim, “Adaptive AI Architecture”. ziakarim.com/ideas/adaptive-ai-architecture